5.1 Conditions Obligating the Fast
Â
Fasting during Ramadan becomes obligatory  when the following criteria are met:
- Muslim
- Sane and has reached the age of puberty
- Does not have any valid reasons for not fasting i.e.
a. menstruation or post-natal bleeding
b. unconsciousness or insanity for the whole day
c. illnesses that can be fatal if the person fast
d. traveller who travels at least 50 miles one-way for permissible reasons
e. unfit to fast because of old age  or illnesses that are unlikely to recover
Â
Recommended (sunnah) fasting
- day of Arafah (9 Zulhijjah)
- day of Ashura (10 Muharram)
- Mondays and Thursdays
- the 13th, 14th and 15th of the lunar months
- six days in the month of Shawal
Â
Â
Â
Â
5.2 Obligatory Actions
Â
Mandatory integrals for fasting to be valid
- Intention to fast for Ramadan. The intention is to me made the night before and before dawn
- To refrain from acts that nullifies fasting
- eating and drinking
- inserting an object into a body cavity e.g. ears, nose, anus, vaginaÂ
- Intentional vomit
- Sexual intercourse
- Intentional acts that causes the release of seminal fluid
- Menstruation or postnatal bleeding
- Insanity
- Leaving the fold of Islam
Â
Â
5.3 Things that Invalidate the Fast
Â
5.4 Recommended Actions
Â
Etiquette & recommended acts of fasting
- Breaking fast promptly
- Sahur i.e having pre-dawn meal
- Delaying sahur to just before dawn
- Avoiding ugly words e.g. slander, lying, foul language
- Avoiding wet cupping (hijama)
- Reciting du'a when breaking fast e.g ÙÙÙÙÙÙ ÙÙ ÙÙÙ٠صÙÙ ÙØªÙ ÙÙØ¨ÙÙ٠آ٠ÙÙÙØªÙ ÙÙØ¹ÙÙÙÙ Ø±ÙØ²ÙÙÙÙ٠أÙÙÙØ·ÙØ±ÙØªÙ Ø¨ÙØ±ÙØÙÙ ÙØªÙÙÙ ÙÙØ§ Ø§ÙØ±ÙØÙÙ Ù Ø§ÙØ±ÙÙØÙÙ ÙÙÙÙÙ
- Providing food for those breaking fast
Â
Â
5.4a Days When it is Unlawful to Fast
Offensive (makruh) days for fasting
- Making Fridays only as special days for fasting
- Making Saturdays only as special days for fasting
- fasting daily
Unlawful (haram) days for fasting
- Both days of Eids i.e. eidul fitri and eidul adha
- the 3 days of tashriq i.e. the 3 days following eidul adha
- ambiguous day i.e. unsure if 30th sha'ban or 1st ramadan
Â
Â
Â
Â
Â
5.5 Making Up and Expiations
Â